The origins of the tradition of Siddha medicine can be traced to the southern Indian region of Tamil Nadu. A carefully guarded medical system, the rules and techniques of the Siddha medical system are still being discovered. The records that exist have been written in a language that has symbols of its own. The work of deciphering the knowledge that the ancient Siddha practictioners had has proven to be an uphill task, but the available information about Siddha medicine reveals that it is a rich science that has been hidden to the world for a long time.
The word “Siddha” comes from the Tamil word meaning “perfection”. The Siddha medical system is believed to have developed with the eighteen Siddhars. The siddhars were persons who had attained spiritual enlightenment through sadhana or spiritual practice.
The medical system that they followed was based on the belief that the human body was, in a way, the embodiment of the universe. As a result, in the Siddha system, it was believed that the human body was a combination of the five natural elements — air, fire, sky, water, and earth. If any of these elements was found to be in excess or if there happened to be a shortage of one of the elements, it was believed that the body would become prone to illness. The only way to overcome these ailments would be by following a disciplined diet and a healthy lifestyle.
In a way, one could say that these ancient practitioners of medicine were well ahead of their times. Given the way in which the people of today lay stress on healthy living and being, the Siddhars, had they been present today, would have gained in stature and popularity because of their knowledge of physiology and an alternative approach to health.
Siddha medicine began long ago when developments in chemistry and laboratory techniques had yet to develop. This was a time far before Louis Pasteur came up with the rabies vaccine and much before the development of the sophisticated medical instruments that populate the hospitals of today. The Siddhars who were not only spiritual gurus but individual who were turned to by people with physiological ailments had to provide remedies for a variety of illnesses.
To find suitable remedies, the Siddhars turned to nature. The most popular sources for Siddha medicine were the plants and trees that grew in the area. The leaves, bark, stem, fruits, and flowers were the storehouses of medicinal substances. However, plants were not the only source. There are records of Siddhars having used metals, minerals and animal products to develop medicines for common and uncommon ailments. The Siddhars were also responsible for some developments in the field of alchemy. Gold, silver, and iron were some metals that were powdered and combined in some Siddha medicines. It was believed that these metals would play a part in purifying the body.
In today’s sickness-prone, over-polluted world, Siddha medicine is gradually gaining respect from all quarters of the globe. Of course, it helps that the Siddha tradition has written records from centuries ago to lend credibility to this relatively unknown medical system.
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